Abstract
Background
Pain management is an important part of care provided by nurses.
Aims
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of an innovative method named the
skin traction, pressure, and rapid muscle release (TPR) on reducing IM injection pain
compared with the Z-track injection method
Design
This triple-blind clinical trial investigated 63 patients who required Methocarbamol
injection.
Methods
Two, 5-cc methocarbamol injections were given to each patient by the two techniques
in two of his/her muscles. In the TPR technique, after applying skin traction and
imposing deep pressure on the muscle, the needle was inserted at a 90° angle near
the skin and the muscle was released rapidly towards the needle. Hence, the needle
was embedded in the muscle. However, muscle release was not applied in the Z-track
method. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure pain intensity. For data
analysis, T-independent and χ2 tests were used.
Results
The findings showed that the mean pain score in TPR and Z-track methods was 1.68 ±
1.20 and 3.76 ± 1.42, respectively. The difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that the innovative method (TPR) can be used as a
substitute for the Z-track method to reduce IM injection pain.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 10, 2021
Accepted:
January 24,
2021
Received in revised form:
January 2,
2021
Received:
July 2,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
