Pain Management Nursing
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 26-32 , March 2008

Ethnic Wait Time Differences in Analgesic Administration in the Emergency Department

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  2. Bonham V. Race, ethnicity, and pain treatment: Striving to understand the causes and solutions to the disparities in pain treatment. Journal of Law, Medicine, & Ethics. 2001;29:52–68
  3. Choi DMA, Yate P, Coats T, Kalinda P, Paul EA. Ethnicity and prescription of analgesia in an accident and emergency department: Cross-sectional study. British Medical Journal. 2000;320:980–981
  4. Crooks L. Assessing pain and the Joint Commission pain standards. Topics in Emergency Medicine. 2002;24(1):1–9
  5. Ducharme J. Clinical guidelines and policies: Can they improve emergency department pain management?. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. 2005;33:783–790
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  8. Gaeta T, Roberts J, Kliot B, Camargo CA. ED management of isolated long bone fractures between 1992 and 1999: National trends in ED use of analgesics. Academic Emergency Medicine. 2002;9:419
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  13. Lee AA, Burelbach AE, Fosnocht D. Hispanic and nonHispanic white patient pain management expectations. American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2001;19:549–550
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  21. Vassiliadis J, Hitos K, Hill CT. Factors influencing prehospital and emergency department analgesia administration to patients with femoral neck fractures. Emergency Medicine. 2002;14:261–266
  22. Weisse C, Sorum P, Dominguez R. The influence of gender and race on physicians pain management decisions. The Journal of Pain. 2003;4(9):505–510
  23. Weisse C, Sorum P, Sanders K, Syat B. Do gender and race affect decisions about pain management?. JGIM. 2001;16:211–217

PII: S1524-9042(07)00109-9

doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2007.07.005

Pain Management Nursing
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 26-32 , March 2008