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Pain Management Nursing
Volume 8, Issue 4
, Pages 166-172
, December 2007
The Role of Urine Toxicology in Chronic Opioid Analgesic Therapy
References
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- . Evaluation of abnormal urine drug screens among patients with chronic nonmalignant pain treated with opioids. Pain Physician. 2003;6:407–409
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- . Model Policy for the Use of Controlled Substances for the Treatment of Pain. 2004;May. http://www.fsmb.org/pdf/2004_grpol_Controlled_Substances.pdf
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- . Urine drug testing in pain medicine. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2004;2:260–267
- . Opioids in chronic noncancer pain: a systematic review of efficacy and safety. Pain. 2004;112:372–380
- . Role of urine toxicology testing in the management of chronic opioid therapy. The Clinical Journal of Pain. 2002;18:S76–S82
- Behavioral monitoring and urine toxicology testing in patients receiving long-term opioid therapy. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 2003;97:1097–1102
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- . Urine toxicology screening among chronic pain patients on opioid therapy: frequency and predictability of abnormal findings. 2006;Paper presented at American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 2006 Fall Pain Medicine Meeting and Workshops; November 17, 2006; San Francisco, CA. Abstract A-2.
PII: S1524-9042(07)00079-3
doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2007.06.001
© 2007 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Pain Management Nursing
Volume 8, Issue 4
, Pages 166-172
, December 2007
