Pain Management Nursing
Volume 7, Issue 4 , Pages 148-152, December 2006

Pain Perception and Expression: The Influence of Gender, Personal Self-Efficacy, and Lifespan Socialization

  • Carly Miller, MSN, RN
    • ,
  • Sarah E. Newton, PhD, RN

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence and reprint requests to Sarah E. Newton, PhD, RN, 448 O’Dowd Hall, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309.

Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan.

Abstract 

There are differences between males and females regarding the perception, expression, and tolerance of pain that stems from a variety of social and psychologic influences. Personal self-efficacy and lifespan socialization are two such influences, and they provide new dimensions for nurses to better understand the pain experience. This article will present a review of the literature regarding personal self-efficacy and lifespan socialization and their effects on pain perception and expression among males and females. Finally, nursing implications related to the topic will be discussed.

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PII: S1524-9042(06)00148-2

doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2006.09.004

Pain Management Nursing
Volume 7, Issue 4 , Pages 148-152, December 2006

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